Formaldehyde in kitchens and wardrobes: what to specify

Kitchens, vanities and wardrobes are usually the biggest source of formaldehyde in a new home, because they're made from glued board: MDF, particleboard and plywood. It's one of the easiest things to fix, as long as it's in the spec before the joiner quotes.

What the ratings mean

Board is rated by how much formaldehyde it gives off in a standard test. The lower the number, the better. Super E0 is 0.3 mg/L or less. E0 is 0.5 or less. E1 is 1.0 or less. E2 is 2.0 or less.

E1 is still common in Australian joinery. Super E0 gives off less than a third of that. Board labelled no added formaldehyde (NAF) uses a glue with no formaldehyde in it at all.

What to write in the spec

Ask for Super E0 as a minimum for all carcasses, shelves and doors, or NAF board if anyone in the house is chemically sensitive. Ask the joiner for the board supplier's emission certificate, not just their word.

Good options in the registry: Austral A-Bond plywood (certified Super E0), Plyco Quadro (formaldehyde-free adhesive) and Panguaneta PureGlue (no added formaldehyde, but you'll need to get it sourced).

Edges, finishes and fit-out

Cut edges give off the most, so make sure every edge is sealed with edging tape or a finish, including the backs and hidden edges.

The finish matters too. Oil the timber with something like Osmo Polyx-Oil or use a low-VOC paint instead of a solvent lacquer.

Emissions are highest when the board is new. Get joinery installed early, then run the ventilation (or open the house up) for a few weeks before anyone moves in.